Which solution is appropriate for neutralizing a spilled base?

Choosing a solution for neutralizing a spilled base should involve selecting an acidic solution that can effectively react with the base, converting it into products that are less harmful and typically more manageable for cleanup. An ideal candidate for this task is NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate) solution.

Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base that, when added to a strong base spill, will react with it to produce water and carbon dioxide gas. This reaction not only neutralizes the base but also minimizes danger through the generation of gas, which can be safely dissipated, depending on the scale of the spill. The reaction between sodium bicarbonate and a strong base such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) leads to the formation of water and a salt, making it an effective and safer neutralizing agent.

The other choices do not serve this purpose well. For instance, Na2CO3 (sodium carbonate) is another basic compound and would not neutralize a base but instead would add to the basicity of the solution. KOH (potassium hydroxide) is a strong base itself, which would exacerbate the problem rather than help. HCl (hydrochloric acid) is a strong acid, and while it can neutralize bases,