The number of atoms represented by Avogadro's number is equal to which of the following?

Avogadro's number, which is approximately 6.022 x 10²³, represents the number of entities—such as atoms, molecules, or ions—in one mole of a substance. The concept of a mole is a fundamental aspect of chemistry, serving as a bridge between the atomic scale and the macroscopic scale of samples.

When discussing Avogadro's number, it is uniformly defined in terms of moles, meaning that regardless of the substance, one mole corresponds to Avogadro's number of particles. This applies universally across all types of substances, whether they are pure elements or compounds.

The other options provided involve measurements that do not directly correlate with Avogadro's number. For instance, 100 grams of any substance can contain varying numbers of moles based on its molar mass, and 1 liter of gas at standard conditions may not correspond to a complete mole of gas unless the molecular weight is specifically calculated, depending on the gas in question. Similarly, 10 grams of an element might again yield a different number of moles based on the element's atomic weight. Thus, only the statement regarding one mole aligns consistently with the definition of Avogadro's number.