Avogadro's number of atoms is equivalent to what?

Avogadro's number, which is approximately (6.02 \times 10^{23}), defines the number of particles, whether they are atoms, molecules, or ions, in one mole of a substance. This fundamental constant is essential in chemistry, as it provides a bridge between the macroscopic scale of substances we can measure and the microscopic scale of atoms and molecules.

When referring to Avogadro's number in the context of a mole, it emphasizes that one mole of any element will always contain (6.02 \times 10^{23}) entities of that element. This is foundational for stoichiometry in chemical reactions, where balancing the number of particles is critical for calculating reactants and products.

The other options do not describe the specific relationship that Avogadro's number has with moles and particles. The atomic number refers to the number of protons in an atom of that element and does not relate to the quantity of substance in terms of moles. The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom, which also does not correlate directly with the mole concept. Finally, 100 g of an element depends on its molar mass, which varies between elements and does not universally represent